Check out the Tackling Hate Lab’s policy brief, Beyond Laws: Regulating Online Hate Through Collective Action, maps a range of non-government approaches that can complement legal measures. Drawing on 136 Australian documents published between 2013 and 2023, the report identifies three main strategies: self-regulation by digital platforms, co-regulation between industry and government, and civil society initiatives led by community organisations.
These non-legislative approaches can fill enforcement gaps and support coordinated efforts to reduce online hate. Together, they highlight how collective action across government, industry, and civil society can create safer online spaces and foster social cohesion.
The Australian Human Rights Commission commissioned Deakin University to undertake this research as part of the National Anti-Racism Framework project.